432 lines
8.0 KiB
Markdown
432 lines
8.0 KiB
Markdown
# 处理样式资源
|
||
|
||
本章节我们学习使用 Webpack 如何处理 Css、Less、Sass、Scss、Styl 样式资源
|
||
|
||
## 介绍
|
||
|
||
Webpack 本身是不能识别样式资源的，所以我们需要借助 Loader 来帮助 Webpack 解析样式资源
|
||
|
||
我们找 Loader 都应该去官方文档中找到对应的 Loader，然后使用
|
||
|
||
官方文档找不到的话，可以从社区 Github 中搜索查询
|
||
|
||
[Webpack 官方 Loader 文档](https://webpack.docschina.org/loaders/)
|
||
|
||
## 处理 Css 资源
|
||
|
||
### 1. 下载包
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npm i css-loader style-loader -D
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
注意：需要下载两个 loader
|
||
|
||
### 2. 功能介绍
|
||
|
||
- `css-loader`：负责将 Css 文件编译成 Webpack 能识别的模块
|
||
- `style-loader`：会动态创建一个 Style 标签，里面放置 Webpack 中 Css 模块内容
|
||
|
||
此时样式就会以 Style 标签的形式在页面上生效
|
||
|
||
### 3. 配置
|
||
|
||
```js{11-16}
|
||
const path = require("path");
|
||
|
||
module.exports = {
|
||
entry: "./src/main.js",
|
||
output: {
|
||
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
|
||
filename: "main.js",
|
||
},
|
||
module: {
|
||
rules: [
|
||
{
|
||
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
|
||
test: /\.css$/,
|
||
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
],
|
||
},
|
||
plugins: [],
|
||
mode: "development",
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 4. 添加 Css 资源
|
||
|
||
- src/css/index.css
|
||
|
||
```css
|
||
.box1 {
|
||
width: 100px;
|
||
height: 100px;
|
||
background-color: pink;
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- src/main.js
|
||
|
||
```js{3-4}
|
||
import count from "./js/count";
|
||
import sum from "./js/sum";
|
||
// 引入 Css 资源，Webpack才会对其打包
|
||
import "./css/index.css";
|
||
|
||
console.log(count(2, 1));
|
||
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- public/index.html
|
||
|
||
```html
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
|
||
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||
<title>webpack5</title>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
|
||
<!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 -->
|
||
<div class="box1"></div>
|
||
<!-- 引入打包后的js文件，才能看到效果 -->
|
||
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 5. 运行指令
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npx webpack
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
|
||
|
||
## 处理 Less 资源
|
||
|
||
### 1. 下载包
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npm i less-loader -D
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 2. 功能介绍
|
||
|
||
- `less-loader`：负责将 Less 文件编译成 Css 文件
|
||
|
||
### 3. 配置
|
||
|
||
```js{17-20}
|
||
const path = require("path");
|
||
|
||
module.exports = {
|
||
entry: "./src/main.js",
|
||
output: {
|
||
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
|
||
filename: "main.js",
|
||
},
|
||
module: {
|
||
rules: [
|
||
{
|
||
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
|
||
test: /\.css$/,
|
||
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
test: /\.less$/,
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
],
|
||
},
|
||
plugins: [],
|
||
mode: "development",
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 4. 添加 Less 资源
|
||
|
||
- src/less/index.less
|
||
|
||
```css
|
||
.box2 {
|
||
width: 100px;
|
||
height: 100px;
|
||
background-color: deeppink;
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- src/main.js
|
||
|
||
```js{5}
|
||
import count from "./js/count";
|
||
import sum from "./js/sum";
|
||
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
|
||
import "./css/index.css";
|
||
import "./less/index.less";
|
||
|
||
console.log(count(2, 1));
|
||
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- public/index.html
|
||
|
||
```html{12}
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
|
||
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||
<title>webpack5</title>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
|
||
<div class="box1"></div>
|
||
<div class="box2"></div>
|
||
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 5. 运行指令
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npx webpack
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
|
||
|
||
## 处理 Sass 和 Scss 资源
|
||
|
||
### 1. 下载包
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npm i sass-loader sass -D
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
注意：需要下载两个
|
||
|
||
### 2. 功能介绍
|
||
|
||
- `sass-loader`：负责将 Sass 文件编译成 css 文件
|
||
- `sass`：`sass-loader` 依赖 `sass` 进行编译
|
||
|
||
### 3. 配置
|
||
|
||
```js{21-24}
|
||
const path = require("path");
|
||
|
||
module.exports = {
|
||
entry: "./src/main.js",
|
||
output: {
|
||
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
|
||
filename: "main.js",
|
||
},
|
||
module: {
|
||
rules: [
|
||
{
|
||
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
|
||
test: /\.css$/,
|
||
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
test: /\.less$/,
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
],
|
||
},
|
||
plugins: [],
|
||
mode: "development",
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 4. 添加 Sass 资源
|
||
|
||
- src/sass/index.sass
|
||
|
||
```css
|
||
/* 可以省略大括号和分号 */
|
||
.box3
|
||
width: 100px
|
||
height: 100px
|
||
background-color: hotpink
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- src/sass/index.scss
|
||
|
||
```css
|
||
.box4 {
|
||
width: 100px;
|
||
height: 100px;
|
||
background-color: lightpink;
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- src/main.js
|
||
|
||
```js{6-7}
|
||
import count from "./js/count";
|
||
import sum from "./js/sum";
|
||
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
|
||
import "./css/index.css";
|
||
import "./less/index.less";
|
||
import "./sass/index.sass";
|
||
import "./sass/index.scss";
|
||
|
||
console.log(count(2, 1));
|
||
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- public/index.html
|
||
|
||
```html{13-14}
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
|
||
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||
<title>webpack5</title>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
|
||
<div class="box1"></div>
|
||
<div class="box2"></div>
|
||
<div class="box3"></div>
|
||
<div class="box4"></div>
|
||
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 5. 运行指令
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npx webpack
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
|
||
|
||
## 处理 Styl 资源
|
||
|
||
### 1. 下载包
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npm i stylus-loader -D
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 2. 功能介绍
|
||
|
||
- `stylus-loader`：负责将 Styl 文件编译成 Css 文件
|
||
|
||
### 3. 配置
|
||
|
||
```js{25-28}
|
||
const path = require("path");
|
||
|
||
module.exports = {
|
||
entry: "./src/main.js",
|
||
output: {
|
||
path: path.resolve(__dirname, "dist"),
|
||
filename: "main.js",
|
||
},
|
||
module: {
|
||
rules: [
|
||
{
|
||
// 用来匹配 .css 结尾的文件
|
||
test: /\.css$/,
|
||
// use 数组里面 Loader 执行顺序是从右到左
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
test: /\.less$/,
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "less-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
test: /\.s[ac]ss$/,
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "sass-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
test: /\.styl$/,
|
||
use: ["style-loader", "css-loader", "stylus-loader"],
|
||
},
|
||
],
|
||
},
|
||
plugins: [],
|
||
mode: "development",
|
||
};
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 4. 添加 Styl 资源
|
||
|
||
- src/styl/index.styl
|
||
|
||
```css
|
||
/* 可以省略大括号、分号、冒号 */
|
||
.box
|
||
width 100px
|
||
height 100px
|
||
background-color pink
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- src/main.js
|
||
|
||
```js{9}
|
||
import { add } from "./math";
|
||
import count from "./js/count";
|
||
import sum from "./js/sum";
|
||
// 引入资源，Webpack才会对其打包
|
||
import "./css/index.css";
|
||
import "./less/index.less";
|
||
import "./sass/index.sass";
|
||
import "./sass/index.scss";
|
||
import "./styl/index.styl";
|
||
|
||
console.log(count(2, 1));
|
||
console.log(sum(1, 2, 3, 4));
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
- public/index.html
|
||
|
||
```html{16}
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
|
||
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||
<title>webpack5</title>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<h1>Hello Webpack5</h1>
|
||
<!-- 准备一个使用样式的 DOM 容器 -->
|
||
<div class="box1"></div>
|
||
<div class="box2"></div>
|
||
<div class="box3"></div>
|
||
<div class="box4"></div>
|
||
<div class="box5"></div>
|
||
<script src="../dist/main.js"></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 5. 运行指令
|
||
|
||
```:no-line-numbers
|
||
npx webpack
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
打开 index.html 页面查看效果
|